{"id":1205,"date":"2020-11-08T08:39:44","date_gmt":"2020-11-08T17:39:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/?p=1205"},"modified":"2020-11-08T08:50:11","modified_gmt":"2020-11-08T17:50:11","slug":"kennedy-johnson-1960","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/2020\/11\/08\/kennedy-johnson-1960\/","title":{"rendered":"Kennedy-Johnson 1960"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>John F. Kennedy was elected after a campaign critical of the Eisenhower-Nixon administration&#8217;s &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Missile_gap\">Missile Gap<\/a>,&#8221; aided by a friendly press and voting <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1960_United_States_presidential_election_in_Illinois\">irregularities in Chicago<\/a>. As it turned out, the gap was illusory, but his campaign required Kennedy to govern as a cold war hawk. The <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bay_of_Pigs_Invasion\">Bay of Pig<\/a>s invasion was followed by the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cuban_Missile_Crisis\">Cuban Missile Crisis<\/a>. The situation in Viet Nam also worsened, especially after the CIA-sponsored <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1963_South_Vietnamese_coup\">coup against Diem<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Way back in 1957, then-President Eisenhower had federalized the National Guard to enforce court-ordered <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Arkansas_National_Guard_and_the_integration_of_Central_High_School\">desegregation in Arkansas<\/a>. But Kennedy, perhaps because he owed his victory in part to pro-segregation southern Democrats, was slow to enforce the law. Not until the middle of Kennedy&#8217;s third year in office did his administration move to a <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Report_to_the_American_People_on_Civil_Rights\">stronger pro-Civil Rights position<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kennedy did not finish his first term. He was <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyndon_B._Johnson#Succession\">replaced by Lyndon Johnson<\/a>, who won election in 1964 but who was <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lyndon_B._Johnson#Backlash_against_Johnson_(1966%E2%80%931967)\">so unpopular both within and outside his party<\/a> that he did not seek re-election in 1968.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>John F. Kennedy was elected after a campaign critical of the Eisenhower-Nixon administration&#8217;s &#8220;Missile Gap,&#8221; aided by a friendly press and voting irregularities in Chicago. As it turned out, the gap was illusory, but his campaign required Kennedy to govern as a cold war hawk. The Bay of Pigs invasion was followed by the Cuban [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[23],"tags":[1110,1113,1112,654,1111,213],"class_list":["post-1205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life","tag-1110","tag-civil-rights","tag-cold-war","tag-election","tag-kennedy","tag-politics-2"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/paRqpr-jr","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1205"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1205\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/accretiondisc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}